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Colombia
presidential republic
Colombia was one of three countries that emerged after the dissolution of Gran Colombia in 1830 -- the others are Ecuador and Venezuela. A decades-long conflict among government forces, paramilitaries, and antigovernment insurgent groups heavily funded by the drug trade -- principally the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC) -- escalated during the 1990s. In the wake of the paramilitary demobilization in the 2000s, new criminal groups arose that included some former paramilitaries.
Profile
CapitalBogotá
Population49.8M
GDP$978.6B
Area1,138,910 km²
LanguageSpanish (official) 98.9%, indigenous 1%, Portuguese 0.1%; 65 indigenous languages exist (2023 est.)
CurrencyColombian pesos (COP) per US dollar -
Leadership
Head of State
Gustavo Petro
Since 2022
At a Glance
Population
49.8M
GDP (PPP)
$979B
