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Tunisia
parliamentary republic
<p>Many empires have controlled Tunisia, including the Phoenicians (as early as the 12 century B.C.), Carthaginians, Romans, Vandals, Byzantines, various Arab and Berber kingdoms, and Ottomans (16th to late-19th centuries). Rivalry between French and Italian interests in Tunisia culminated in a French invasion in 1881 and the creation of a protectorate. Agitation for independence in the decades after World War I finally convinced the French to recognize Tunisia as an independent state in 1956.
Profile
CapitalTunis
Population12.0M
GDP$156.1B
Area163,610 km²
LanguageArabic (official, one of the languages of commerce), French (commerce), Tamazight
CurrencyTunisian dinars (TND) per US dollar -
Leadership
Head of State
Kais Saied
Since 2019
Head of Government
Sarra Zaafrani
Since 2025
At a Glance
Population
12.0M
GDP (PPP)
$156B
