Anguilla
Anguilla⌘K
Overview
- Background
- English settlers from Saint Kitts first colonized Anguilla in 1650. Great Britain administered the island until the early 19th century, when -- against the wishes of the inhabitants -- Anguilla was incorporated into a single British dependency along with Saint Kitts and Nevis. Several attempts at separation failed. In 1971, two years after a revolt, Anguilla was finally allowed to secede; this arrangement was formally recognized in 1980, when Anguilla became a separate British dependency. In 2017, Hurricane Irma caused extensive damage on the island, particularly to communications and residential and business infrastructure.
Geography
Area
- Land
- 91 sq km
- Water
- 0 sq km
- Total
- 91 sq km
- Climate
- tropical; moderated by northeast trade winds
- Terrain
- flat and low-lying island of coral and limestone
Land Use
- Other
- 38.9% (2022 est.)
- Forest
- 61.1% (2022 est.)
- Agricultural land
- 0% (2022 est.)
- Agricultural land: arable land
- arable land: 0% (2018 est.)
- Agricultural land: permanent crops
- permanent crops: 0% (2018 est.)
- Agricultural land: permanent pasture
- permanent pasture: 0% (2018 est.)
- Location
- Caribbean, islands between the Caribbean Sea and North Atlantic Ocean, east of Puerto Rico
- Coastline
- 61 km
Elevation
- Lowest point
- Caribbean Sea 0 m
- Highest point
- Crocus Hill 73 m
- Irrigated land
- 0 sq km (2020)
- Map references
- Central America and the Caribbean
Land Boundaries
- Total
- 0 km
Maritime Claims
- Territorial sea
- 12 nm
- Exclusive fishing zone
- 200 nm
- Exclusive economic zone
- 200 nm
- Natural hazards
- frequent hurricanes and other tropical storms (July to October)
- Geography note
- the most northerly of the Leeward Islands in the Lesser Antilles
- Natural resources
- salt, fish, lobster
- Area comparative
- about one-half the size of Washington, D.C.
- Geographic coordinates
- 18 15 N, 63 10 W
- Population distribution
- most of the population is concentrated in The Valley in the center of the island; settlement is fairly uniform in the southwest, but rather sparse in the northeast
People & Society
- Languages
- English (official)
- Religions
- Protestant 73.2% (includes Anglican 22.7%, Methodist 19.4%, Pentecostal 10.5%, Seventh Day Adventist 8.3%, Baptist 7.1%, Church of God 4.9%, Presbyterian 0.2%, Brethren 0.1%), Roman Catholic 6.8%, Jehovah's Witness 1.1%, other Christian 10.9%, other 3.2%, unspecified 0.3%, none 4.5% (2011 est.)
Sex Ratio
- At birth
- 1.03 male(s)/female
- 0 14 years
- 1.03 male(s)/female
- 15 64 years
- 0.83 male(s)/female
- Total population
- 0.88 male(s)/female (2024 est.)
- 65 years and over
- 0.93 male(s)/female
- Birth rate
- 11.69 births/1,000 population (2025 est.)
- Death rate
- 4.76 deaths/1,000 population (2025 est.)
Median Age
- Male
- 34.8 years
- Total
- 37.5 years (2025 est.)
- Female
- 39 years
Population
- Male
- 9,107
- Total
- 19,416 (2024 est.)
- Female
- 10,309
Nationality
- Noun
- Anguillan(s)
- Adjective
- Anguillan
Urbanization
- Urban population
- 100% of total population (2023)
- Rate of urbanization
- 0.47% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
Age Structure
- 0 14 years
- 20.8% (male 2,056/female 1,992)
- 15 64 years
- 67.5% (male 5,958/female 7,147)
- 65 years and over
- 11.7% (2024 est.) (male 1,093/female 1,170)
- Ethnic groups
- African/Black 85.3%, Hispanic 4.9%, mixed 3.8%, White 3.2%, East Indian/Indian 1%, other 1.6%, unspecified 0.3% (2011 est.)
Dependency Ratios
- Total dependency ratio
- 48.2 (2024 est.)
- Youth dependency ratio
- 30.9 (2024 est.)
- Potential support ratio
- 5.8 (2024 est.)
- Elderly dependency ratio
- 17.3 (2024 est.)
- Physician density
- 1.51 physicians/1,000 population (2018)
- Net migration rate
- 10.13 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2025 est.)
- Total fertility rate
- 1.72 children born/woman (2025 est.)
Drinking Water Source
- Improved: total
- total: 97.5% of population
Education Expenditure
- Education expenditure (% GDP)
- 2.5% of GDP (2022 est.)
- Education expenditure (% national budget)
- 10.3% national budget (2024 est.)
Infant Mortality Rate
- Male
- 3.9 deaths/1,000 live births
- Total
- 2.9 deaths/1,000 live births (2025 est.)
- Female
- 2.1 deaths/1,000 live births
- Population growth rate
- 1.71% (2025 est.)
- Gross reproduction rate
- 0.85 (2025 est.)
- Population distribution
- most of the population is concentrated in The Valley in the center of the island; settlement is fairly uniform in the southwest, but rather sparse in the northeast
Life Expectancy at Birth
- Male
- 80 years
- Female
- 85.3 years
- Total population
- 82.6 years (2024 est.)
- Major urban areas population
- 1,000 THE VALLEY (capital) (2018)
Government
- Flag
- description: blue, with the UK flag in the upper-left quadrant and the Anguillan coat of arms centered on the outer half of the flag; the coat of arms shows three orange dolphins in an interlocking circular design on a white background, with a turquoise-blue field below
meaning: the white on the coat of arms stands for peace; the blue base for the sea, faith, youth, and hope; and the three dolphins for endurance, unity, and strength
Capital
- Name
- The Valley
- Etymology
- name may derive from the capital's location among several hills
- Time difference
- UTC-4 (1 hour ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)
- Geographic coordinates
- 18 13 N, 63 03 W
- Suffrage
- 18 years of age; universal
- Citizenship
- see United Kingdom
Constitution
- History
- several previous; latest 1 April 1982
Country Name
- Etymology
- in 1493, Christopher COLUMBUS named the island Anguilla, meaning "eel" in Spanish, because of the island's elongated shape
- Conventional long form
- none
- Conventional short form
- Anguilla
- Independence
- none (overseas territory of the UK)
- Legal system
- common law based on the English model
- Government type
- parliamentary democracy (House of Assembly); self-governing overseas territory of the UK
Judicial Branch
- Highest court(s)
- the Eastern Caribbean Supreme Court (ECSC) is the superior court of the Organization of Eastern Caribbean States; the ECSC is headquartered on St. Lucia and consists of the Court of Appeal -- headed by the chief justice and 4 judges -- and the High Court with 18 judges; the Court of Appeal travels to member states on a schedule to hear appeals from the High Court and subordinate courts
- Subordinate courts
- Magistrate's Court; Juvenile Court
- Judge selection and term of office
- Eastern Caribbean Supreme Court chief justice appointed by the British monarch; other justices and judges appointed by the Judicial and Legal Services Commission; Court of Appeal justices appointed for life with mandatory retirement at age 65; High Court judges appointed for life with mandatory retirement at age 62
Executive Branch
- Cabinet
- Executive Council appointed by the governor from among elected members of the House of Assembly
- Chief of state
- King CHARLES III (since 8 September 2022); represented by Governor Julia CROUCH (since 11 September 2023)
- Head of government
- Premier Cora RICHARDSON-HODGE (since 27 February 2025)
- Election/appointment process
- the monarchy is hereditary; governor appointed by the monarch; following legislative elections, the governor usually appoints the leader of the majority party or majority coalition as premier
- National holiday
- Anguilla Day, 30 May (1967)
- Dependency status
- overseas territory of the UK
- Political parties
- Anguilla Progressive Movement or APM; (formerly Anguilla United Movement or AUM)
Anguilla United Front or AUF
Legislative Branch
- Term in office
- 5 years
- Number of seats
- 11 (7 directly elected, 2 appointed, 2 ex-officio members)
- Electoral system
- plurality/majority
- Legislature name
- House of Assembly
- Scope of elections
- full renewal
- Legislative structure
- unicameral
- Most recent election date
- 6/29/2020
- Percentage of women in chamber
- 27.3%
- Parties elected and seats per party
- APM (7); AUF (4)
National Anthem(s)
- Title
- "God Save the King"
- History
- official anthem, as an overseas UK territory
- Lyrics/music
- unknown
- National symbol(s)
- dolphin
- National coat of arms
- the Anguillan coat of arms features three interlocking dolphins jumping out of seawater; they represent endurance, unity, and strength, and their circular motion stands for continuity; the white background symbolizes peace and tranquility, and the turquoise-blue base represents the sea, as well as faith, youth, and hope
- Diplomatic representation in the US
- none (overseas territory of the UK)
Diplomatic Representation from the US
- Embassy
- none (overseas territory of the UK); alternate contact is the US Embassy in Barbados [1] (246) 227-4000
- International organisations
- Caricom (associate), CDB, Interpol (subbureau), OECS, UNESCO (associate), UPU
Economy
Budget
- Note
- note: central government revenues and expenses (excluding grants/extrabudgetary units/social security funds) converted to US dollars at average official exchange rate for year indicated
- Revenues
- $81.925 million (2017 est.)
- Expenditures
- $72.352 million (2017 est.)
Exports
- Civica canonical (reconciled)
- $3.9 million (2016 est.)
- Note
- note: Data are in current year dollars and do not include illicit exports or re-exports.
- Exports 2016
- $3.9 million (2016 est.)
- Exports 2017
- $7.9 million (2017 est.)
- Industries
- tourism, boat building, offshore financial services
Public Debt
- Civica canonical (reconciled)
- 20.8% of GDP (2014 est.)
- Public debt 2014
- 20.8% of GDP (2014 est.)
Exchange Rates
- Currency
- East Caribbean dollars (XCD) per US dollar -
- Exchange rates 2020
- 2.7 (2020 est.)
- Exchange rates 2021
- 2.7 (2021 est.)
- Exchange rates 2022
- 2.7 (2022 est.)
- Exchange rates 2023
- 2.7 (2023 est.)
- Exchange rates 2024
- 2.7 (2024 est.)
- Economic overview
- small, tourism-dependent, territorial-island economy; very high public debt; COVID-19 crippled economic activity; partial recovery underway via tourism, benefitting from its high amount of timeshare residences; considering reopening oil refinery
- Exports partners
- Chile 60%, Netherlands 8%, Brazil 5%, Hungary 4%, USA 4% (2023)
- Imports partners
- Chile 50%, USA 27%, Botswana 15%, Japan 1%, Dominican Republic 1% (2023)
Real GDP Per Capita
- Civica canonical (reconciled)
- $31,000 (2024 est.)
- Note
- note: data in 2015 dollars
- Real GDP per capita 2022
- $27,400 (2022 est.)
- Real GDP per capita 2023
- $28,900 (2023 est.)
- Real GDP per capita 2024
- $31,000 (2024 est.)
- Agricultural products
- small quantities of tobacco, vegetables; cattle raising
- Exports commodities
- packaged medicine, garments, vehicle parts/accessories, vaccines, cars (2023)
- Imports commodities
- poultry, copper ore, natural gas, refined petroleum, fish (2023)
- GDP (official exchange rate)
- $452.73 million (2024 est.)
Inflation Rate (Consumer Prices)
- Civica canonical (reconciled)
- 3% (2022 est.)
- Note
- note: annual % change based on consumer prices
- Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2020
- -0.5% (2020 est.)
- Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2021
- 1.8% (2021 est.)
- Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2022
- 3% (2022 est.)
Real GDP (Purchasing Power Parity)
- Civica canonical (reconciled)
- $362.499 million (2024 est.)
- Note
- note: data in 2015 dollars
- Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2022
- $336.924 million (2022 est.)
- Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2023
- $345.238 million (2023 est.)
- Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2024
- $362.499 million (2024 est.)
Energy
Electricity Access
- Electrification total population
- 100% (2020)
Communications
Internet Users
- Percent of population
- 81.6% (2021 est.)
- Broadcast media
- 1 private TV station; multi-channel cable TV subscription services are available; about 10 radio stations, one of which is government-owned (2024)
- Internet country code
- .ai
Telephones Fixed Lines
- Total subscriptions
- 6,000 (2021 est.)
- Subscriptions per 100 inhabitants
- 38 (2021 est.)
Telephones Mobile Cellular
- Total subscriptions
- 25,870 (2022 est.)
- Subscriptions per 100 inhabitants
- 163 (2022 est.)
Broadband Fixed Subscriptions
- Total
- 5,000 (2018 est.)
- Subscriptions per 100 inhabitants
- 35 (2018 est.)
Transport
- Airports
- 1 (2025)
Merchant Marine
- Total
- 2 (2023)
- BY type
- other 2
- Civil aircraft registration country code prefix
- VP-A
Environment
- Climate
- tropical; moderated by northeast trade winds
Land Use
- Other
- 38.9% (2022 est.)
- Forest
- 61.1% (2022 est.)
- Agricultural land
- 0% (2022 est.)
- Agricultural land: arable land
- arable land: 0% (2018 est.)
- Agricultural land: permanent crops
- permanent crops: 0% (2018 est.)
- Agricultural land: permanent pasture
- permanent pasture: 0% (2018 est.)
Urbanization
- Urban population
- 100% of total population (2023)
- Rate of urbanization
- 0.47% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
- Environmental issues
- inadequate potable water
Military & Security
- Military note
- defense is the responsibility of the UK
Cite this page
Cite this page
Civica. (2026). Civica Atlas — Anguilla — vintage 2026-Q1: Anguilla factbook. Civica Atlas. Retrieved May 7, 2026, from https://civicaatlas.org/factbook/anguilla
Sources: CIA World Factbook