Guinea

Presidential RepublicPop14.4MGDP (PPP)$59.4BCI22Beta CP0.0→Beta

Guinea

⌘K

Overview

Background: Guinea's deep Muslim heritage arrived via the neighboring Almoravid Empire in the 11th century. Following Almoravid decline, Guinea existed on the fringe of several African kingdoms, all competing for regional dominance. In the 13th century, the Mali Empire took control of Guinea and encouraged its already growing Muslim faith. After the fall of the West African empires, various smaller kingdoms controlled Guinea. In the 18th century, Fulani Muslims established an Islamic state in central Guinea that provided one of the earliest examples of a written constitution and alternating leadership. European traders first arrived in the 16th century, and the French secured colonial rule in the 19th century.
In 1958, Guinea achieved independence from France. Sekou TOURE became Guinea’s first post-independence president; he established a dictatorial regime and ruled until his death in 1984, after which General Lansana CONTE staged a coup and seized the government. He too established an authoritarian regime and manipulated presidential elections until his death in 2008, when Captain Moussa Dadis CAMARA led a military coup, seized power, and suspended the constitution. In 2009, CAMARA was wounded in an assassination attempt and was exiled to Burkina Faso. In 2010 and 2013 respectively, the country held its first free and fair presidential and legislative elections. Alpha CONDE won the 2010 and 2015 presidential elections, and his first cabinet was the first all-civilian government in Guinean history. CONDE won a third term in 2020 after a constitutional change to term limits. In 2021, Col Mamady DOUMBOUYA led another successful military coup, establishing the National Committee for Reconciliation and Development (CNRD), suspending the constitution, and dissolving the government and the legislature. DOUMBOUYA was sworn in as transition president and appointed Mohamed BEAVOGUI as transition prime minister. The National Transition Council (CNT), which acts as the legislative body for the transition, was formed in 2022 and consists of appointed members representing a broad swath of Guinean society.

Geography

Area

Land: 245,717 sq km
Water: 140 sq km
Total: 245,857 sq km

Climate: generally hot and humid; monsoonal-type rainy season (June to November) with southwesterly winds; dry season (December to May) with northeasterly harmattan winds
Terrain: generally flat coastal plain, hilly to mountainous interior

Land Use

Other: 6.5% (2023 est.)
Forest: 20.3% (2023 est.)
Agricultural land: 73.2% (2023 est.)
Agricultural land: arable land: arable land: 24.4% (2023 est.)
Agricultural land: permanent crops: permanent crops: 5.3% (2023 est.)
Agricultural land: permanent pasture: permanent pasture: 43.5% (2023 est.)

Location: Western Africa, bordering the North Atlantic Ocean, between Guinea-Bissau and Sierra Leone
Coastline: 320 km

Elevation

Lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m
Highest point: Mont Nimba 1,752 m
Mean elevation: 472 m

Irrigated land: 949 sq km (2017)
Map references: Africa

Land Boundaries

Total: 4,046 km
Border countries: Cote d'Ivoire 816 km; Guinea-Bissau 421 km; Liberia 590 km; Mali 1062 km; Senegal 363 km; Sierra Leone 794 km

Maritime Claims

Territorial sea: 12 nm
Exclusive economic zone: 200 nm

Natural hazards: hot, dry, dusty harmattan haze may reduce visibility during dry season
Geography note: the Niger and its important tributary, the Milo River, have their sources in the Guinean highlands
Natural resources: bauxite, iron ore, diamonds, gold, uranium, hydropower, fish, salt
Area comparative: slightly smaller than Oregon; slightly larger than twice the size of Pennsylvania
Geographic coordinates: 11 00 N, 10 00 W
Population distribution: areas of highest density are in the west and south; interior is sparsely populated, as shown in this population distribution map

Major Watersheds (Area Sq Km)

Atlantic ocean drainage: Niger (2,261,741 sq km), Senegal (456,397 sq km)

Major rivers (BY length in km): Niger river source (shared with Mali, and Nigeria [m]) - 4,200 km; Gambie (Gambia) river source (shared with Senegal and The Gambia [m]) - 1,094 km

note: [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth

People & Society

Literacy

Male: 54.4% (2018 est.)
Female: 27.7% (2018 est.)
Total population: 39.6% (2018 est.)

Languages: French (official), Pular, Maninka, Susu, other native languages
Religions: Muslim 85.2%, Christian 13.4%, animist 0.2%, none 1.2% (2018 est.)

Sex Ratio

At birth: 1.03 male(s)/female
0 14 years: 1.02 male(s)/female
15 64 years: 1 male(s)/female
Total population: 1 male(s)/female (2024 est.)
65 years and over: 0.83 male(s)/female

Birth rate: 35.04 births/1,000 population (2025 est.)
Death rate: 7.69 deaths/1,000 population (2025 est.)

Median Age

Male: 19.2 years
Total: 19.5 years (2025 est.)
Female: 19.6 years

Population

Male: 7,179,661
Total: 14,374,590 (2025 est.)
Female: 7,194,929

Nationality

Noun: Guinean(s)
Adjective: Guinean

Urbanization

Urban population: 38.1% of total population (2023)
Rate of urbanization: 3.64% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)

Age Structure

0 14 years: 40.9% (male 2,884,146/female 2,835,794)
15 64 years: 55.1% (male 3,846,852/female 3,856,366)
65 years and over: 4% (2024 est.) (male 254,608/female 308,413)

Ethnic groups: Fulani (Peuhl) 33.4%, Malinke 29.4%, Susu 21.2%, Guerze 7.8%, Kissi 6.2%, Toma 1.6%, other/foreign 0.4% (2018 est.)

Child Marriage

Men married BY age 18: 1.9% (2018)
Women married BY age 15: 17% (2018)
Women married BY age 18: 46.5% (2018)

Dependency Ratios

Total dependency ratio: 81.5 (2025 est.)
Youth dependency ratio: 74.1 (2025 est.)
Potential support ratio: 13.6 (2025 est.)
Elderly dependency ratio: 7.4 (2025 est.)

Physician density: 0.21 physicians/1,000 population (2022)

Health Expenditure

Health expenditure (as % of GDP): 3.8% of GDP (2021)
Health expenditure (as % of national budget): 5% of national budget (2022 est.)

Net migration rate: 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2025 est.)
Total fertility rate: 4.75 children born/woman (2025 est.)

Drinking Water Source

Improved: rural: rural: 59% of population (2022 est.)
Improved: total: total: 71.5% of population (2022 est.)
Improved: urban: urban: 92% of population (2022 est.)
Unimproved: rural: rural: 41% of population (2022 est.)
Unimproved: total: total: 28.5% of population (2022 est.)
Unimproved: urban: urban: 8% of population (2022 est.)

Education Expenditure

Education expenditure (% GDP): 1.7% of GDP (2023 est.)
Education expenditure (% national budget): 9.2% national budget (2025 est.)

Infant Mortality Rate

Male: 51.6 deaths/1,000 live births
Total: 45.8 deaths/1,000 live births (2025 est.)
Female: 42.3 deaths/1,000 live births

Population growth rate: 2.74% (2025 est.)
Gross reproduction rate: 2.34 (2025 est.)
Population distribution: areas of highest density are in the west and south; interior is sparsely populated, as shown in this population distribution map

Life Expectancy at Birth

Male: 62.7 years
Female: 66.6 years
Total population: 64.6 years (2024 est.)

Maternal mortality ratio: 494 deaths/100,000 live births (2023 est.)

Sanitation Facility Access

Improved: rural: rural: 39.4% of population (2022 est.)
Improved: total: total: 60.6% of population (2022 est.)
Improved: urban: urban: 95.6% of population (2022 est.)
Unimproved: rural: rural: 60.6% of population (2022 est.)
Unimproved: total: total: 39.4% of population (2022 est.)
Unimproved: urban: urban: 4.4% of population (2022 est.)

Alcohol Consumption Per Capita

Beer: 0.29 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
Wine: 0.01 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
Total: 0.33 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
Spirits: 0.03 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
Other alcohols: 0 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)

Major urban areas population: 2.111 million CONAKRY (capital) (2023)
Obesity adult prevalence rate: 7.7% (2016)
Mother's mean age at first birth: 19.9 years (2018 est.)
Currently married women (ages 15 49): 70.9% (2018 est.)
Children under the age of 5 years underweight: 15% (2022 est.)

School Life Expectancy (Primary to Tertiary Education)

Male: 9 years (2021 est.)
Total: 9 years (2021 est.)
Female: 8 years (2021 est.)

Government

Civica · structure

How power is organised

ExecutiveLegislative

Flag: description: three equal vertical bands of red (left side), yellow, and green

meaning: red stands for the people's sacrifice for liberation and work; yellow for the sun, the riches of the earth, and justice; green for the country's vegetation and unity

history: uses the colors of the Pan-African movement

Capital

Name: Conakry
Etymology: the name derives from konakri, a Susu word meaning "over the water" and referring to the city's location on a peninsula; it was originally the name of a local village
Time difference: UTC 0 (5 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)
Geographic coordinates: 9 30 N, 13 42 W

Suffrage: 18 years of age; universal

Citizenship

Citizenship BY birth: no
Citizenship BY descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Guinea
Dual citizenship recognized: no
Residency requirement for naturalization: na

Constitution

History: previous 1958, 1990; 2010 and a referendum in 2020, which was suspended on 5 September 2021 via a coup d'état; on 27 September, the Transitional Charter was released, which supersedes the constitution until a new constitution is promulgated

Country Name

Former: French Guinea
Etymology: the country is named after the Guinea region of West Africa that lies along the Gulf of Guinea, but the name itself derives from the Tuareg word aginaw, meaning "black people"
Local long form: République de Guinée
Local short form: Guinée
Conventional long form: Republic of Guinea
Conventional short form: Guinea

Independence: 2 October 1958 (from France)
Legal system: civil law system based on the French model
Government type: presidential republic

Judicial Branch

Highest court(s): Supreme Court or Cour Suprême (organized into Administrative Chamber and Civil, Penal, and Social Chamber; court consists of the first president, 2 chamber presidents, 10 councilors, the solicitor general, and NA deputies); Constitutional Court - suspended on 5 September 2021
Subordinate courts: Court of Appeal or Cour d'Appel; High Court of Justice or Cour d'Assises; Court of Account (Court of Auditors); Courts of First Instance (Tribunal de Première Instance); labor court; military tribunal; justices of the peace; specialized courts
Judge selection and term of office: Supreme Court first president appointed by the national president after consultation with the National Assembly; other members appointed by presidential decree; members serve 9-year terms until age 65

Executive Branch

Note: note 1: in 2021, the military arrested and detained the president, suspended the constitution, and dissolved the government and legislature

note 2: the transitional government has not announced a new election timetable

note 3: new constitution approved in 2025 with presidential term changed to a single seven-year term

note 4: elections held 28 December 2025, transitional president wins and is sworn in 17 January 2026
Cabinet: formerly the Council of Ministers appointed by the president
Chief of state: President Col. Mamady DOUMBOUYA (since 17 January 2026)
Election results: 2025: Mamady DOUMBOUYA elected president in the first round; percent of vote -Mamady DOUMBOUYA (Independent) 86.7%, Abdoulaye Yero BALDE (DFG) 6.5%, other 7%

2020: Alpha CONDE reelected president in the first round; percent of vote - Alpha CONDE (RPG) 59.5%, Cellou Dalein DIALLO (UFDG) 33.5%, other 7%
Head of government: Prime Minister Amadou Oury BAH (since 27 February 2024)
Most recent election date: 28 December 2025
Election/appointment process: the president is directly elected by absolute-majority popular vote in 2 rounds, if needed, for a 7-year single term, and the prime minister is appointed by the president

National holiday: Independence Day, 2 October (1958)
National color(s): red, yellow, green

National Heritage

Total world heritage sites: 1 (natural)
Selected world heritage site locales: Mount Nimba Strict Nature Reserve

Political parties: African Congress for Democracy and Renewal or CADRE
Alliance for National Renewal or ARN
Alliance for National Renewal or ARENA
Bloc Liberal or BL
Citizen Generation or GECI
Citizen Party for the Defense of Collective Interests or PCDIC
Democratic Alliance for Renewal or ADR
Democratic National Movement or MND
Democratic Union for Renewal and Progress or UDRP
Democratic Union of Guinea or UDG
Democratic People's Movement of Guinea or MPDG
Democratic Workers' Party of Guinea or PDTG
Front for the National Alliance or FAN
Generation for Reconciliation Union and Prosperity or GRUP
Guinea for Democracy and Balance or GDE
Guinean Party for Peaceful Coexistence and Development or PGCD
Guinean Party for Solidarity and Democracy or PGSD
Guinean Union for Democracy and Development or UGDD
Guinean Rally for Development or RGD
Guinean Rally for Unity and Development or RGUD
Guinean Renaissance Party or PGR
Modern Guinea
Movement for Solidarity and Development or MSD
National Committee for Reconciliation and Development
National Front for Development or FND
National Union for Prosperity or UNP
National Party for Hope and Development or PEDN
New Democratic Forces or NFD
New Generation for the Republic or NGR
New Guinea or NG
New Political Generation or NGP
Party for Progress and Change or PPC
Party of Citizen Action through Labor or PACT
Party of Democrats for Hope or PADES
Party of Freedom and Progress or PLP
Party of Hope for National Development or PEDN
Rally for Renaissance and Development or RRD
Rally for the Guinean People or RPG
Rally for the Integrated Development of Guinea or RDIG
Rally for the Republic or RPR
Union of Democratic Forces of Guinea or UFDG
Union for Progress and Renewal or UPR
Union for the Defense of Republican Interests or UDIR
Union for the Progress of Guinea or UPG
Union of Democratic Forces or UFD a or UFDG
Union of Democrats for the Renaissance of Guinea or UDRG
Union of Republican Forces or UFR
Unity and Progress Party or PUP

Legislative Branch

Note: note: on 5 September 2021, Col. Mamady DOUMBOUYA led a military coup in which President CONDE was arrested and detained, the constitution suspended, and the government and People's National Assembly dissolved; in January 2022, an 81-member Transitional National Council was installed; in February 2024, Guinea's military leaders dissolved the government
Number of seats: 81 (all appointed)
Electoral system: mixed system
Legislature name: Transitional National Council (Conseil national de transition)
Scope of elections: full renewal
Legislative structure: unicameral
Most recent election date: 1/22/2022
Expected date of next election: December 2025
Percentage of women in chamber: 29.6%

National Anthem(s)

Title: "Liberté" (Liberty)
History: adopted 1958
Lyrics/music: unknown/Fodeba KEITA

National symbol(s): elephant
Administrative divisions: 7 administrative regions (régions administratives, singular - région administrative) and 1 governorate (gouvenorat)*; Boke, Conakry*, Faranah, Kankan, Kindia, Labe, Mamou, N'Zerekore

Diplomatic Representation in the US

Fax: [1] (202) 986-3800
Chancery: 2112 Leroy Place NW, Washington, DC 20008
Telephone: [1] (202) 986-4300
Consulate(s): Los Angelos
Chief of mission: Ambassador Fatoumata KABA (since 19 April 2023)
Email address and website: http://guineaembassyusa.org/en/welcome-to-the-embassy-of-guinea-washington-usa/

Diplomatic Representation from the US

Fax: [224] 65-10-42-97
Embassy: Transversale No. 2, Centre Administratif de Koloma, Commune de Ratoma, Conakry
Telephone: [224] 65-10-40-00
Mailing address: 2110 Conakry Place, Washington DC  20521-2110
Chief of mission: Ambassador (vacant); Chargé d’Affaires Mary E. DASCHBACH (since 15 July 2025)
Email address and website: ConakryACS@state.gov

https://gn.usembassy.gov/

International organisations: ACP, AfDB, EITI (compliant country), FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO (correspondent), ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, MINURSO, MONUSCO, NAM, OIC, OIF, OPCW, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNISFA, UNMISS, UNOCI, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO
International law organization participation: accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction with reservations; accepts ICCt jurisdiction

Legislature

GUINEA · LEGISLATURE

Transitional National Council

81 seats · hover a seat for the party

Total seats

Majority line

Largest party

Democratic Party of Guinea – African Democratic Rally

Parties

All political parties5 parties · 81 seats · click to dim in hemicycle

Leaders

Current

MD
Mamady Doumbouya
- Head of StateSince 2021
BO
Bah Oury
- Head of GovernmentSince 2024

Economy

Budget

Revenues: $1.949 billion (2019 est.)
Expenditures: $2.014 billion (2019 est.)

Exports

Civica canonical (reconciled): $10.4B

Note: note: balance of payments - exports of goods and services in current dollars
Exports 2021: $10.266 billion (2021 est.)
Exports 2022: $8.898 billion (2022 est.)
Exports 2023: $12.008 billion (2023 est.)

Imports

Civica canonical (reconciled): $14.1B

Note: note: balance of payments - imports of goods and services in current dollars
Imports 2021: $5.353 billion (2021 est.)
Imports 2022: $5.749 billion (2022 est.)
Imports 2023: $8.365 billion (2023 est.)

Industries: bauxite, gold, diamonds, iron ore; light manufacturing, agricultural processing
Labor force: 4.534 million (2024 est.)

Public Debt

Civica canonical (reconciled): 41.8% of GDP (2016 est.)

Public debt 2016: 41.8% of GDP (2016 est.)

Remittances

Note: note: personal transfers and compensation between resident and non-resident individuals/households/entities
Remittances 2021: 2% of GDP (2021 est.)
Remittances 2022: 2.6% of GDP (2022 est.)
Remittances 2023: 2.2% of GDP (2023 est.)

Exchange Rates

Currency: Guinean francs (GNF) per US dollar -
Exchange rates 2016: 8,967.927 (2016 est.)
Exchange rates 2017: 9,088.319 (2017 est.)
Exchange rates 2018: 9,011.134 (2018 est.)
Exchange rates 2019: 9,183.876 (2019 est.)
Exchange rates 2020: 9,565.082 (2020 est.)

Debt External

Note: note: present value of external debt in current US dollars
Debt external 2023: $3.764 billion (2023 est.)

Economic overview: growing but primarily agrarian West African economy; major mining sector; improving fiscal and debt balances prior to COVID-19; economy increasingly vulnerable to climate change; slow infrastructure improvements; gender wealth and human capital gaps

Unemployment Rate

Civica canonical (reconciled): 5.2%

Note: note: % of labor force seeking employment
Unemployment rate 2022: 5.3% (2022 est.)
Unemployment rate 2023: 5.3% (2023 est.)
Unemployment rate 2024: 5.3% (2024 est.)

Exports partners: UAE 50%, China 36%, India 8%, Switzerland 1%, Spain 1% (2023)
Imports partners: China 39%, India 9%, Netherlands 7%, Belgium 6%, UAE 4% (2023)

Real GDP Per Capita

Civica canonical (reconciled): $4,565

Note: note: data in 2021 dollars
Real GDP per capita 2022: $3,800 (2022 est.)
Real GDP per capita 2023: $3,900 (2023 est.)
Real GDP per capita 2024: $4,000 (2024 est.)

Real GDP Growth Rate

Civica canonical (reconciled): 5.4%

Note: note: annual GDP % growth based on constant local currency
Real GDP growth rate 2022: 4% (2022 est.)
Real GDP growth rate 2023: 5.5% (2023 est.)
Real GDP growth rate 2024: 5.7% (2024 est.)

Agricultural products: rice, cassava, maize, groundnuts, oil palm fruit, plantains, potatoes, fonio, yams, sweet potatoes (2023)
Exports commodities: gold, aluminum ore, cocoa beans, crude petroleum, coconuts/brazil nuts/cashews (2023)
Imports commodities: refined petroleum, rice, garments, construction vehicles, cars (2023)

Current Account Balance

Civica canonical (reconciled): -$391.8M

Note: note: balance of payments - net trade and primary/secondary income in current dollars
Current account balance 2021: $4.639 billion (2021 est.)
Current account balance 2022: $3.35 billion (2022 est.)
Current account balance 2023: $2.288 billion (2023 est.)

GDP (official exchange rate): $25.334 billion (2024 est.)

GDP Composition, BY End Use

Note: note: figures may not total 100% due to rounding or gaps in data collection
Household consumption: 67.4% (2024 est.)
Government consumption: 13.4% (2024 est.)
Investment in inventories: -0.9% (2024 est.)
Investment in fixed capital: 32.1% (2024 est.)
Exports of goods and services: 44% (2024 est.)
Imports of goods and services: -56.1% (2024 est.)

Population below poverty line: 43.7% (2018 est.)

Inflation Rate (Consumer Prices)

Civica canonical (reconciled): 8.1%

Note: note: annual % change based on consumer prices
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2022: 10.5% (2022 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2023: 7.8% (2023 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2024: 8.1% (2024 est.)

Industrial production growth rate: 7.1% (2024 est.)

Real GDP (Purchasing Power Parity)

Civica canonical (reconciled): $59.439 billion (2024 est.)

Note: note: data in 2021 dollars
Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2022: $53.297 billion (2022 est.)
Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2023: $56.251 billion (2023 est.)
Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2024: $59.439 billion (2024 est.)

Youth Unemployment Rate (Ages 15 24)

Male: 6.2% (2024 est.)
Note: note: % of labor force ages 15-24 seeking employment
Total: 7.1% (2024 est.)
Female: 8% (2024 est.)

Reserves of Foreign Exchange and Gold

Note: note: holdings of gold (year-end prices)/foreign exchange/special drawing rights in current dollars
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2021: $2.183 billion (2021 est.)
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2022: $2.11 billion (2022 est.)
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2023: $1.887 billion (2023 est.)

GDP Composition, BY Sector of Origin

Note: note: figures may not total 100% due to non-allocated consumption not captured in sector-reported data
Industry: 25.3% (2024 est.)
Services: 37.5% (2024 est.)
Agriculture: 29.6% (2024 est.)

Note: note: % share of income accruing to lowest and highest 10% of population
Lowest 10%: 3.5% (2018 est.)
Highest 10%: 23.1% (2018 est.)

Gini Index Coefficient Distribution of Family Income

Note: note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
Gini index coefficient distribution of family income 2018: 29.6 (2018 est.)

Energy

Coal

Imports: 400 metric tons (2023 est.)

Petroleum

Refined petroleum consumption: 32,000 bbl/day (2023 est.)

Electricity

Consumption: 3.624 billion kWh (2023 est.)
Installed generating capacity: 1.06 million kW (2023 est.)
Transmission/distribution losses: 424.356 million kWh (2023 est.)

Electricity Access

Electrification rural areas: 21.3%
Electrification urban areas: 91%
Electrification total population: 47.7% (2022 est.)

Energy Consumption Per Capita

Total energy consumption per capita 2023: 5.235 million Btu/person (2023 est.)

Electricity Generation Sources

Solar: 0.6% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)
Fossil fuels: 25.3% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)
Hydroelectricity: 74.1% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)

Communications

Internet Users

Percent of population: 27% (2023 est.)

Broadcast media: government maintains control over broadcast media; single state-run TV station; state-run radio also operates several stations in rural areas; a dozen private TV stations; many privately owned radio stations, nearly all in Conakry, and about a dozen community radio stations; foreign TV programming available via satellite and cable subscription services (2022)
Internet country code: .gn

Telephones Fixed Lines

Total subscriptions: 0 (2022 est.)
Subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: (2022 est.) less than 1

Telephones Mobile Cellular

Total subscriptions: 15.3 million (2022 est.)
Subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 109 (2022 est.)

Broadband Fixed Subscriptions

Total: 1,000 (2022 est.)
Subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: (2022 est.) less than 1

Transport

Ports

Large: 0
Small: 0
Medium: 1
Key ports: Benti, Conakry, Kamsar, Victoria
Very small: 3
Total ports: 4 (2024)
Ports with oil terminals: 2

Airports: 16 (2025)

Railways

Total: 1,086 km (2017)
Narrow gauge: 807 km (2017) 1.000-m gauge
Standard gauge: 279 km (2017) 1.435-m gauge

Heliports: 1 (2025)

Merchant Marine

Total: 2 (2023)
BY type: other 2

Civil aircraft registration country code prefix: 3X

Environment

Climate: generally hot and humid; monsoonal-type rainy season (June to November) with southwesterly winds; dry season (December to May) with northeasterly harmattan winds

Land Use

Other: 6.5% (2023 est.)
Forest: 20.3% (2023 est.)
Agricultural land: 73.2% (2023 est.)
Agricultural land: arable land: arable land: 24.4% (2023 est.)
Agricultural land: permanent crops: permanent crops: 5.3% (2023 est.)
Agricultural land: permanent pasture: permanent pasture: 43.5% (2023 est.)

Urbanization

Urban population: 38.1% of total population (2023)
Rate of urbanization: 3.64% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)

Waste and Recycling

Municipal solid waste generated annually: 596,900 tons (2024 est.)
Percent of municipal solid waste recycled: 23.9% (2022 est.)

Environmental issues: deforestation; inadequate potable water; desertification; soil contamination and erosion; overfishing, overpopulation in forest region; poor mining practices; water pollution; improper waste disposal

Total Water Withdrawal

Municipal: 230 million cubic meters (2022 est.)
Industrial: 60 million cubic meters (2022 est.)
Agricultural: 600 million cubic meters (2022 est.)

Carbon Dioxide Emissions

Total emissions: 4.505 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)
From coal and metallurgical coke: 1,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)
From petroleum and other liquids: 4.504 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)

Particulate matter emissions: 34.2 micrograms per cubic meter (2019 est.)
Total renewable water resources: 226 billion cubic meters (2022 est.)

International Environmental Agreements

Party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Climate Change-Paris Agreement, Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands, Whaling
Signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements

Military & Security

Military note: the Guinean military is responsible for territorial defense, but also has some domestic security responsibilities and has historically been involved in suppressing public protests; in 2021 the Army’s special forces led a military overthrow of the government; the military-led government has since been accused of cracking down on dissent, the media, and political opposition; border security is a key focus for the Guinean military, particularly a territorial dispute with Sierra Leone that dates back to 2001 (2025)

Military Expenditures

Civica canonical (reconciled): 2.1%

Military expenditures 2020: 1.4% of GDP (2020 est.)
Military expenditures 2021: 1.5% of GDP (2021 est.)
Military expenditures 2022: 1.8% of GDP (2022 est.)
Military expenditures 2023: 2.1% of GDP (2023 est.)
Military expenditures 2024: 2.1% of GDP (2024 est.)

Military and security forces: Guinean (or National) Armed Forces (Forces Armées Guinéennes): Army, Air Force, Navy, National Gendarmerie

Ministry of Security: National Police (2025)
Military service age and obligation: 18 years of age for voluntary and selective conscripted service; 9-12 months of service (2025)
Military equipment inventories and acquisitions: the Guinean military's inventory consists almost entirely of ageing Soviet-era weapons and equipment along with small amounts of secondhand arms from China, France, Russia, and South Africa (2025)
Military and security service personnel strengths: estimated 10-12,000 active Armed Forces (2025)

Transnational Issues

Refugees and Internally Displaced Persons

Idps: 5,160 (2024 est.)
Refugees: 2,343 (2024 est.)

Scores & Rankings

ScoreValueGlobal rankTrendAs of

Civica Index22.0 / 100as of 2024-Q4160 / 1902024-Q4

V-Dem Liberal Democracy0.07as of 2024-Q4146 / 1702024-Q4

Freedom House StatusNot Free (25/100)as of 2024-Q4—2024-Q4

Press Freedom (RSF)Partly free (50/100)as of 2024—2024

Cite this page

Cite this pageAPA · BibTeX · Chicago · JSON

Civica. (2026). Civica Atlas — Guinea — vintage 2026-Q1: Guinea factbook. Civica Atlas. Retrieved May 7, 2026, from https://civicaatlas.org/factbook/guinea

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Sources: FAO FAOSTAT, ILO ILOSTAT, IMF (WEO), UN Statistics Division, UNDP HDR, UNESCO Institute for Statistics, V-Dem, WHO Global Health Observatory, World Bank, WTO Stats, CIA World Factbook, Wikidata

Guinea

Area

Land Use

Elevation

Land Boundaries

Maritime Claims

Major Watersheds (Area Sq Km)

Literacy

Sex Ratio

Median Age

Population

Nationality

Urbanization

Age Structure

Child Marriage

Dependency Ratios

Health Expenditure

Drinking Water Source

Education Expenditure

Infant Mortality Rate

Life Expectancy at Birth

Sanitation Facility Access

Alcohol Consumption Per Capita

School Life Expectancy (Primary to Tertiary Education)

How power is organised

Capital

Citizenship

Constitution

Country Name

Judicial Branch

Executive Branch

National Heritage

Legislative Branch

National Anthem(s)

Diplomatic Representation in the US

Diplomatic Representation from the US

Transitional National Council

Current

Mamady Doumbouya

Bah Oury

Budget

Exports

Imports

Public Debt

Remittances

Exchange Rates

Debt External

Unemployment Rate

Real GDP Per Capita

Real GDP Growth Rate

Current Account Balance

GDP Composition, BY End Use

Inflation Rate (Consumer Prices)

Real GDP (Purchasing Power Parity)

Youth Unemployment Rate (Ages 15 24)

Reserves of Foreign Exchange and Gold

GDP Composition, BY Sector of Origin

Household Income or Consumption BY Percentage Share

Gini Index Coefficient Distribution of Family Income

Coal

Petroleum

Electricity

Electricity Access

Energy Consumption Per Capita

Electricity Generation Sources

Internet Users

Telephones Fixed Lines

Telephones Mobile Cellular

Broadband Fixed Subscriptions

Ports

Railways

Merchant Marine

Land Use

Urbanization

Waste and Recycling

Total Water Withdrawal

Carbon Dioxide Emissions

International Environmental Agreements

Military Expenditures

Refugees and Internally Displaced Persons