⌘K
Overview
- Background
- Carib Indians occupied the islands of the West Indies for hundreds of years before the British and French began settlement in 1623. During the 17th century, Saint Kitts became the premier base for British and French expansion into the Caribbean. The French ceded the territory to the UK in 1713. At the turn of the 18th century, Saint Kitts was the richest British Crown Colony per capita in the Caribbean, a result of the sugar trade. Although small in size and separated by only 3 km (2 mi) of water, Saint Kitts and Nevis were viewed and governed as different states until the late-19th century, when the British forcibly unified them along with the island of Anguilla. In 1967, the island territory of Saint Christopher-Nevis-Anguilla became an associated state of the UK with full internal autonomy. The island of Anguilla rebelled and was allowed to secede in 1971. The remaining islands achieved independence in 1983 as Saint Kitts and Nevis. In 1998, a referendum on Nevis to separate from Saint Kitts fell short of the necessary two-thirds majority.
Geography
Area
- Land
- 261 sq km
- Water
- 0 sq km
- Total
- 261 sq km (Saint Kitts 168 sq km; Nevis 93 sq km)
- Climate
- tropical, tempered by constant sea breezes; little seasonal temperature variation; rainy season (May to November)
- Terrain
- volcanic with mountainous interiors
Land Use
- Other
- 34.6% (2023 est.)
- Forest
- 42.3% (2023 est.)
- Agricultural land
- 23.1% (2023 est.)
- Agricultural land: arable land
- arable land: 19.2% (2023 est.)
- Agricultural land: permanent crops
- permanent crops: 0.4% (2023 est.)
- Agricultural land: permanent pasture
- permanent pasture: 3.5% (2023 est.)
- Location
- Caribbean, islands in the Caribbean Sea, about one-third of the way from Puerto Rico to Trinidad and Tobago
- Coastline
- 135 km
Elevation
- Lowest point
- Caribbean Sea 0 m
- Highest point
- Mount Liamuiga 1,156 m
- Irrigated land
- 8 sq km (2012)
- Map references
- Central America and the Caribbean
Land Boundaries
- Total
- 0 km
Maritime Claims
- Contiguous zone
- 24 nm
- Territorial sea
- 12 nm
- Continental shelf
- 200 nm or to the edge of the continental margin
- Exclusive economic zone
- 200 nm
- Natural hazards
- hurricanes (July to October)
volcanism: Mount Liamuiga (1,156 m) on Saint Kitts and Nevis Peak (985 m) on Nevis are part of the volcanic-island arc of the Lesser Antilles, which extends from Saba in the north to Grenada in the south - Geography note
- smallest country in the Western Hemisphere in terms of both area and population; the two volcanic islands are separated by a 3-km-wide (9-mi-wide) channel called The Narrows; on the southern tip of baseball-bat-shaped Saint Kitts lies the Great Salt Pond; Nevis Peak sits in the center of its ball-shaped namesake island
- Natural resources
- arable land
- Area comparative
- 1.5 times the size of Washington, D.C.
- Geographic coordinates
- 17 20 N, 62 45 W
- Population distribution
- population clusters are found in the small towns located on the periphery of both islands
People & Society
- Languages
- English (official)
Sex Ratio
- At birth
- 1.02 male(s)/female
- 0 14 years
- 1.01 male(s)/female
- 15 64 years
- 1.02 male(s)/female
- Total population
- 1 male(s)/female (2024 est.)
- 65 years and over
- 0.91 male(s)/female
- Birth rate
- 11.58 births/1,000 population (2025 est.)
- Death rate
- 7.43 deaths/1,000 population (2025 est.)
Median Age
- Male
- 38.8 years
- Total
- 39.1 years (2025 est.)
- Female
- 38.3 years
Population
- Male
- 27,748
- Total
- 55,434 (2025 est.)
- Female
- 27,686
Nationality
- Noun
- Kittitian(s), Nevisian(s)
- Adjective
- Kittitian, Nevisian
Urbanization
- Urban population
- 31.1% of total population (2023)
- Rate of urbanization
- 1.06% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
Age Structure
- 0 14 years
- 19.2% (male 5,314/female 5,277)
- 15 64 years
- 68.1% (male 18,944/female 18,575)
- 65 years and over
- 12.7% (2024 est.) (male 3,341/female 3,682)
- Ethnic groups
- African descent 92.5%, mixed 3%, White 2.1%, East Indian 1.5%, other 0.6%, unspecified 0.3% (2001 est.)
Dependency Ratios
- Total dependency ratio
- 48.1 (2025 est.)
- Youth dependency ratio
- 28.1 (2025 est.)
- Potential support ratio
- 5 (2025 est.)
- Elderly dependency ratio
- 20 (2025 est.)
- Physician density
- 3.09 physicians/1,000 population (2018)
Health Expenditure
- Health expenditure (as % of GDP)
- 6.2% of GDP (2021)
- Health expenditure (as % of national budget)
- 5.9% of national budget (2022 est.)
- Net migration rate
- 1.14 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2025 est.)
- Hospital bed density
- 4.3 beds/1,000 population (2021 est.)
- Total fertility rate
- 1.76 children born/woman (2025 est.)
Education Expenditure
- Education expenditure (% GDP)
- 3.5% of GDP (2023 est.)
- Education expenditure (% national budget)
- 11% national budget (2025 est.)
Infant Mortality Rate
- Male
- 5.5 deaths/1,000 live births
- Total
- 7.9 deaths/1,000 live births (2025 est.)
- Female
- 10.6 deaths/1,000 live births
- Population growth rate
- 0.53% (2025 est.)
- Gross reproduction rate
- 0.87 (2025 est.)
- Population distribution
- population clusters are found in the small towns located on the periphery of both islands
Life Expectancy at Birth
- Male
- 75.2 years
- Female
- 80.1 years
- Total population
- 77.6 years (2024 est.)
- Maternal mortality ratio
- 74 deaths/100,000 live births (2023 est.)
Alcohol Consumption Per Capita
- Beer
- 3.73 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
- Wine
- 1.02 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
- Total
- 8.84 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
- Spirits
- 3.89 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
- Other alcohols
- 0.21 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
- Major urban areas population
- 14,000 BASSETERRE (capital) (2018)
- Obesity adult prevalence rate
- 22.9% (2016)
School Life Expectancy (Primary to Tertiary Education)
- Male
- 18 years (2015 est.)
- Total
- 19 years (2015 est.)
- Female
- 20 years (2015 est.)
Government
Civica · structure
How power is organised
ExecutiveLegislative
- Flag
- description: divided diagonally from the lower left side by a broad black band with two five-pointed white stars; the black band is edged in yellow; the upper triangle is green, and the lower is red
meaning: green stands for the island's fertility, red for the struggles of the people from slavery, yellow for year-round sunshine, and black for the people's African heritage; the white stars stand for the islands of Saint Kitts and Nevis but can also express hope and liberty, or independence and optimism
Capital
- Name
- Basseterre
- Etymology
- the French name translates as "low land" in English; the reference is probably to the city's location in a valley
- Time difference
- UTC-4 (1 hour ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)
- Geographic coordinates
- 17 18 N, 62 43 W
- Suffrage
- 18 years of age; universal
Citizenship
- Citizenship BY birth
- yes
- Citizenship BY descent only
- yes
- Dual citizenship recognized
- yes
- Residency requirement for naturalization
- 14 years
Constitution
- History
- several previous (pre-independence); latest presented 22 June 1983, effective 23 June 1983
- Amendment process
- proposed by the National Assembly; passage requires approval by at least two-thirds majority vote of the total Assembly membership and assent of the governor general; amendments to constitutional provisions such as the sovereignty of the federation, fundamental rights and freedoms, the judiciary, and the Nevis Island Assembly also require approval in a referendum by at least two thirds of the votes cast in Saint Kitts and in Nevis
Country Name
- Note
- note: Nevis is pronounced NEE-vis
- Former
- Federation of Saint Christopher and Nevis
- Etymology
- explorer Christopher COLUMBUS visited the islands in 1493 and named one for his own patron saint; a common nickname for Christopher during the following centuries was Kit or Kitt, and Saint Kitts is still referred to as Saint Christopher; the name of Nevis is said to derive from the original Spanish name "Las Nieves" (The Snows) and refers to its cloud-topped mountain
- Conventional long form
- Federation of Saint Kitts and Nevis
- Conventional short form
- Saint Kitts and Nevis
- Independence
- 19 September 1983 (from the UK)
- Legal system
- English common law
- Government type
- federal parliamentary democracy under a constitutional monarchy; a Commonwealth realm
Judicial Branch
- Highest court(s)
- the Eastern Caribbean Supreme Court (ECSC) is the superior court of the Organization of Eastern Caribbean States; the ECSC is headquartered on St. Lucia and consists of the Court of Appeal -- headed by the chief justice and 4 judges -- and the High Court with 18 judges; the Court of Appeal travels to member states on a schedule to hear appeals from the High Court and subordinate courts; member of the Caribbean Court of Justice
- Subordinate courts
- magistrates' courts
- Judge selection and term of office
- chief justice of Eastern Caribbean Supreme Court appointed by the British monarch; other justices and judges appointed by the Judicial and Legal Services Commission, an independent body of judicial officials; Court of Appeal justices appointed for life with mandatory retirement at age 65; High Court judges appointed for life with mandatory retirement at age 62
Executive Branch
- Cabinet
- Cabinet appointed by governor general in consultation with prime minister
- Chief of state
- King CHARLES III (since 8 September 2022); represented by Governor General Marcella LIBURD (since 1 February 2023)
- Head of government
- Prime Minister Dr. Terrance DREW (since 6 August 2022)
- Election/appointment process
- the monarchy is hereditary; governor general appointed by the monarch; following legislative elections, the governor general usually appoints the leader of the majority party or majority coalition as prime minister; deputy prime minister also appointed by governor general
- National holiday
- Independence Day, 19 September (1983)
- National color(s)
- green, yellow, red, black, white
National Heritage
- Total world heritage sites
- 1 (cultural)
- Selected world heritage site locales
- Brimstone Hill Fortress National Park
- Political parties
- Concerned Citizens Movement or CCM
Nevis Reformation Party or NRP
People's Action Movement or PAM
People's Labour Party or PLP
Saint Kitts and Nevis Labor Party or SKNLP
Legislative Branch
- Term in office
- 5 years
- Number of seats
- 16 (11 directly elected; 4 appointed)
- Electoral system
- plurality/majority
- Legislature name
- National Assembly
- Scope of elections
- full renewal
- Legislative structure
- unicameral
- Most recent election date
- 8/5/2022
- Expected date of next election
- October 2027
- Percentage of women in chamber
- 31.3%
- Parties elected and seats per party
- St. Kitts-Nevis Labour Party (SKNLP) (6); Concerned Citizens' Movement (CCM) (3); Peoples Labour Party (PLP) (1); People's Action Movement (PAM) (1)
National Anthem(s)
- Title
- "God Save the King"
- History
- in use since 1745
- Lyrics/music
- unknown
- National symbol(s)
- brown pelican, royal poinciana (flamboyant) tree
- National coat of arms
- the coat of arms of Saint Kitts and Nevis features a Carib who represents the original inhabitants of the islands, and a fleur-de-lis and rose that represent the French and English who arrived in the 1620; the shield also features the poinciana (the national flower) and a traditional boat; three hands hold the torch, which represents the quest for freedom: the hand of an African, a European, and a person of mixed ethnicity; pelicans (the national bird) support the shield, with a sugarcane plant and a coconut tree that symbolize the land
- Administrative divisions
- 14 parishes; Christ Church Nichola Town, Saint Anne Sandy Point, Saint George Basseterre, Saint George Gingerland, Saint James Windward, Saint John Capesterre, Saint John Figtree, Saint Mary Cayon, Saint Paul Capesterre, Saint Paul Charlestown, Saint Peter Basseterre, Saint Thomas Lowland, Saint Thomas Middle Island, Trinity Palmetto Point
Diplomatic Representation in the US
- Fax
- [1] (202) 686-5740
- Chancery
- 1203 19th St. NW, 5th Floor, Washington, DC 20036
- Telephone
- [1] (202) 686-2636
- Chief of mission
- Ambassador Jacinth HENRY-MARTIN (since 15 September 2023)
- Consulate(s) general
- Los Angeles, New York
- Email address and website
stkittsnevis@embskn.com
Embassy of St.Kitts and Nevis to the USA – and Permanent Mission to the OAS (embassydc.gov.kn)
Diplomatic Representation from the US
- Embassy
- the US does not have an embassy in Saint Kitts and Nevis; the US Ambassador to Barbados is accredited to Saint Kitts and Nevis
- International organisations
- ACP, ACS, AOSIS, C, Caricom, CDB, CELAC, FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, ITU, MIGA, OAS, OECS, OPANAL, OPCW, Petrocaribe, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WHO, WIPO, WTO
- International law organization participation
- has not submitted an ICJ jurisdiction declaration; accepts ICCt jurisdiction
Legislature
SAINT KITTS AND NEVIS · LEGISLATURE
National Assembly
16 seats · hover a seat for the party
Total seats
16
Majority line
9
Largest party
Saint Kitts and Nevis Labour Party
Parties
4
All political parties
Leaders
Current
Charles III
- Head of State
Terrance Drew
- Head of Government
Economy
Budget
- Note
- note: central government revenues and expenses (excluding grants/extrabudgetary units/social security funds) converted to US dollars at average official exchange rate for year indicated
- Revenues
- $262 million (2020 est.)
- Expenditures
- $281.889 million (2020 est.)
Exports
- Civica canonical (reconciled)
- $542.983 million (2022 est.)
- Note
- note: balance of payments - exports of goods and services in current dollars
- Exports 2022
- $542.983 million (2022 est.)
- Exports 2023
- $579.568 million (2023 est.)
- Exports 2024
- $504.391 million (2024 est.)
Imports
- Civica canonical (reconciled)
- $606.856 million (2022 est.)
- Note
- note: balance of payments - imports of goods and services in current dollars
- Imports 2022
- $606.856 million (2022 est.)
- Imports 2023
- $669.168 million (2023 est.)
- Imports 2024
- $642.934 million (2024 est.)
- Industries
- tourism, cotton, salt, copra, clothing, footwear, beverages
Public Debt
- Civica canonical (reconciled)
- 62.9% of GDP (2017 est.)
- Note
- note: central government debt as a % of GDP
- Public debt 2017
- 62.9% of GDP (2017 est.)
Remittances
- Note
- note: personal transfers and compensation between resident and non-resident individuals/households/entities
- Remittances 2022
- 3.8% of GDP (2022 est.)
- Remittances 2023
- 3.5% of GDP (2023 est.)
- Remittances 2024
- 3.4% of GDP (2024 est.)
Exchange Rates
- Currency
- East Caribbean dollars (XCD) per US dollar -
- Exchange rates 2020
- 2.7 (2020 est.)
- Exchange rates 2021
- 2.7 (2021 est.)
- Exchange rates 2022
- 2.7 (2022 est.)
- Exchange rates 2023
- 2.7 (2023 est.)
- Exchange rates 2024
- 2.7 (2024 est.)
- Economic overview
- high-income, tourism-based Caribbean OECS economy; better debt balancing; CARICOM and ECCU member; growing offshore financial and telecommunications hub; environmentally fragile; unique citizenship-driven growth model
- Exports partners
- Malta 49%, USA 21%, Turkey 7%, St. Vincent & the Grenadines 5%, Guyana 3% (2023)
- Imports partners
- USA 50%, Italy 11%, China 8%, Japan 2%, UK 2% (2023)
Real GDP Per Capita
- Civica canonical (reconciled)
- $34,847
- Note
- note: data in 2021 dollars
- Real GDP per capita 2022
- $29,700 (2022 est.)
- Real GDP per capita 2023
- $31,000 (2023 est.)
- Real GDP per capita 2024
- $31,300 (2024 est.)
Real GDP Growth Rate
- Civica canonical (reconciled)
- 0.3%
- Note
- note: annual GDP % growth based on constant local currency
- Real GDP growth rate 2022
- 10.3% (2022 est.)
- Real GDP growth rate 2023
- 4.3% (2023 est.)
- Real GDP growth rate 2024
- 1.2% (2024 est.)
- Agricultural products
- coconuts, tropical fruits, root vegetables, vegetables, eggs, pulses, sweet potatoes, watermelons, cucumbers/gherkins, tomatoes (2023)
- Exports commodities
- ships, measuring instruments, beer, electrical transformers, electrical control boards (2023)
- Imports commodities
- refined petroleum, ships, cars, jewelry, poultry (2023)
Current Account Balance
- Civica canonical (reconciled)
- -$136.8M
- Note
- note: balance of payments - net trade and primary/secondary income in current dollars
- Current account balance 2022
- -$111.685 million (2022 est.)
- Current account balance 2023
- -$122.386 million (2023 est.)
- Current account balance 2024
- -$169.221 million (2024 est.)
- Taxes and other revenues
- 15% (of GDP) (2020 est.)
- GDP (official exchange rate)
- $1.067 billion (2024 est.)
Inflation Rate (Consumer Prices)
- Civica canonical (reconciled)
- 3.6%
- Note
- note: annual % change based on consumer prices
- Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2021
- 1.2% (2021 est.)
- Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2022
- 2.7% (2022 est.)
- Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2023
- 3.6% (2023 est.)
- Industrial production growth rate
- -2.7% (2024 est.)
Real GDP (Purchasing Power Parity)
- Civica canonical (reconciled)
- $1.465 billion (2024 est.)
- Note
- note: data in 2021 dollars
- Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2022
- $1.388 billion (2022 est.)
- Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2023
- $1.448 billion (2023 est.)
- Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2024
- $1.465 billion (2024 est.)
Reserves of Foreign Exchange and Gold
- Note
- note: holdings of gold (year-end prices)/foreign exchange/special drawing rights in current dollars
- Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2022
- $293.98 million (2022 est.)
- Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2023
- $286.075 million (2023 est.)
- Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2024
- $294.748 million (2024 est.)
GDP Composition, BY Sector of Origin
- Note
- note: figures may not total 100% due to non-allocated consumption not captured in sector-reported data
- Industry
- 21.1% (2024 est.)
- Services
- 65.5% (2024 est.)
- Agriculture
- 1.3% (2024 est.)
Energy
Petroleum
- Refined petroleum consumption
- 2,000 bbl/day (2023 est.)
Electricity
- Consumption
- 182.455 million kWh (2023 est.)
- Installed generating capacity
- 72,000 kW (2023 est.)
- Transmission/distribution losses
- 39.522 million kWh (2023 est.)
Electricity Access
- Electrification total population
- 100% (2022 est.)
Energy Consumption Per Capita
- Total energy consumption per capita 2023
- 81.454 million Btu/person (2023 est.)
Electricity Generation Sources
- Wind
- 2.7% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)
- Solar
- 2.3% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)
- Fossil fuels
- 95% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)
Communications
Internet Users
- Percent of population
- 76% (2022 est.)
- Broadcast media
- national state-operated TV network that broadcasts on 2 channels; cable subscription available for local and international channels; national state-operated radio network; mix of state-owned and privately owned broadcasters with about 15 radio stations (2019)
- Internet country code
- .kn
Telephones Fixed Lines
- Total subscriptions
- 16,000 (2022 est.)
- Subscriptions per 100 inhabitants
- 33 (2022 est.)
Telephones Mobile Cellular
- Total subscriptions
- 56,600 (2023 est.)
- Subscriptions per 100 inhabitants
- 119 (2023 est.)
Broadband Fixed Subscriptions
- Total
- 22,000 (2022 est.)
- Subscriptions per 100 inhabitants
- 47 (2022 est.)
Transport
Ports
- Large
- 0
- Small
- 0
- Medium
- 0
- Key ports
- Basseterre, Charlestown
- Very small
- 2
- Total ports
- 2 (2024)
- Ports with oil terminals
- 2
- Airports
- 2 (2025)
Railways
- Total
- 50 km (2008)
- Narrow gauge
- 50 km (2008) 0.762-m gauge on Saint Kitts for tourists
- Heliports
- 1 (2025)
Merchant Marine
- Total
- 341 (2023)
- BY type
- bulk carrier 22, container ship 16, general cargo 85, oil tanker 59, other 159
- Civil aircraft registration country code prefix
- V4
Environment
- Climate
- tropical, tempered by constant sea breezes; little seasonal temperature variation; rainy season (May to November)
Land Use
- Other
- 34.6% (2023 est.)
- Forest
- 42.3% (2023 est.)
- Agricultural land
- 23.1% (2023 est.)
- Agricultural land: arable land
- arable land: 19.2% (2023 est.)
- Agricultural land: permanent crops
- permanent crops: 0.4% (2023 est.)
- Agricultural land: permanent pasture
- permanent pasture: 3.5% (2023 est.)
Urbanization
- Urban population
- 31.1% of total population (2023)
- Rate of urbanization
- 1.06% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
Waste and Recycling
- Municipal solid waste generated annually
- 32,900 tons (2024 est.)
- Environmental issues
- deforestation; soil erosion and silting affects marine life on coral reefs; water pollution from uncontrolled dumping of sewage
Total Water Withdrawal
- Municipal
- 15.4 million cubic meters (2022 est.)
- Industrial
- 0 cubic meters (2022 est.)
- Agricultural
- 200,000 cubic meters (2022 est.)
Carbon Dioxide Emissions
- Total emissions
- 269,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)
- From petroleum and other liquids
- 269,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)
- Particulate matter emissions
- 8 micrograms per cubic meter (2019 est.)
- Total renewable water resources
- 24 million cubic meters (2022 est.)
International Environmental Agreements
- Party to
- Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Climate Change-Paris Agreement, Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping-London Protocol, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Whaling
- Signed, but not ratified
- none of the selected agreements
Military & Security
- Military note
- SKNDF's missions include protecting the country's territorial integrity, assisting the police in combating the illegal narcotic trade and other crimes, and providing humanitarian and disaster relief assistance; the force also has a regional role through the Caribbean Regional Security System (RSS); St. Kitts joined the RSS in 1984; RSS signatories (Antigua and Barbuda, Barbados, Dominica, Grenada, Guyana, Saint Lucia, and Saint Vincent and the Grenadines) agreed to prepare contingency plans and assist one another, on request, in national emergencies, prevention of smuggling, search and rescue, immigration control, fishery protection, customs and excise control, maritime policing duties, protection of off-shore installations, pollution control, national and other disasters, and threats to national security (2025)
- Military and security forces
- St. Kitts and Nevis Defense Force (SKNDF); Regular Force, Coast Guard Force (SKNDF Coast Guard), Reserve Force, Cadet Force
Ministry of National Security: the Royal St. Christopher and Nevis Police Force (2025) - Military service age and obligation
- 18 years of age for voluntary military service for men and women (under 18 with written parental permission); no conscription (2025)
- Military equipment inventories and acquisitions
- the SKNDF is lightly armed with equipment from Belgium, the UK, and the US (2025)
- Military and security service personnel strengths
- estimated 200 active Defense Forces (2024)
Transnational Issues
Refugees and Internally Displaced Persons
- Refugees
- 5 (2024 est.)
Scores & Rankings
ScoreValueGlobal rankTrendAs of
Civica Index70.0 / 100as of 2024-Q448 / 1902024-Q4
Freedom House StatusPartly Free (92/100)as of 2024-Q4—2024-Q4
Press Freedom (RSF)Partly free (50/100)as of 2024—2024
Cite this page
Cite this page
Civica. (2026). Civica Atlas — Saint Kitts and Nevis — vintage 2026-Q1: Saint Kitts and Nevis factbook. Civica Atlas. Retrieved May 7, 2026, from https://civicaatlas.org/factbook/saint-kitts-and-nevis
Sources: FAO FAOSTAT, IMF (WEO), UN Statistics Division, UNDP HDR, UNESCO Institute for Statistics, WHO Global Health Observatory, World Bank, WTO Stats, CIA World Factbook, Wikidata